{"id":2327,"date":"2021-11-26T02:21:40","date_gmt":"2021-11-26T02:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.thesixei.com\/?p=2327"},"modified":"2021-11-26T02:59:48","modified_gmt":"2021-11-26T02:59:48","slug":"2327-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thesixei.com\/en\/2327-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sixei th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y NGK Sanest Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Th\u00e1ng 11-2021,<\/span><\/h1>\n

Sixei m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sanest Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y NGK Sanest Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh. <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1t quy chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p QCVN 40:2011\/BTNMT, c\u1ed9t B.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>\u00a0
\n<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
STT<\/td>\nTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nD\u1ea7u m\u1ee1<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\npH<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n4.5 \u2013 12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nBOD5<\/sub>(200<\/sup>C)<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n1700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCOD<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n3100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng TSS<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n2000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nAmoni (t\u00ednh theo Nit\u01a1)<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nT\u1ed5ng nit\u01a1<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nT\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed1t pho<\/td>\nmg\/l<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nColiform<\/td>\nMPN\/100ml<\/td>\nN\/A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb B\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m \u0111i v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng keo t\u1ee5 \u2013 t\u1ea1o b\u00f4ng <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a l\u00fd. C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH (NaOH<\/em>), h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 (PAC<\/em>), h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u00f4ng (A-Polymer<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2m v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 keo, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00f4ng b\u00f9n h\u00f3a l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sau khi ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 keo t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o b\u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o B\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/strong>. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o \u00e1p s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c vi b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau m\u1ecbn (v\u00e0i micromet<\/em>). C\u00e1c vi b\u1ecdt sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00f4ng b\u00f9n h\u00f3a l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ec3, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 TSS, COD, BOD5<\/sub>. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m b\u1ec3 UASB ph\u00eda sau. B\u1ecdt n\u1ed5i \u1edf b\u1ec3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0n g\u1ea1t c\u01a1 kh\u00ed thu gom v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 B\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ecdt<\/strong>. Ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o B\u1ec3 UASB<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec3 UASB l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00f9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed l\u01a1 l\u1eedng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong b\u1ec3, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean, \u0111i qua l\u1edbp b\u00f9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed l\u01a1 l\u1eedng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao (th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 20,000 \u2013 50,000 mg\/l). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed M\u00ea-tan, n\u01b0\u1edbc, CO2<\/sub> v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean sinh kh\u1ed1i m\u1edbi. B\u1ec3 UASB c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 r\u1ea5t cao (t\u1eeb 8 \u2013 10 kgCOD\/m3<\/sup>.ng\u00e0y) nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh kh\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (t\u1eeb 0.05 \u2013 0.1 gVSS\/gCOD), th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 COD \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n sinh ra r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec3 UASB s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y sang c\u1ee5m b\u1ec3 sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp theo Anoxic – Aerotank<\/strong>. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec3 c\u1ee5m b\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed – hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed:<\/p>\n